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- <text id=91TT2017>
- <link 91TT1970>
- <link 90TT0655>
- <link 89TT0948>
- <title>
- Sep. 09, 1991: A Country of Skeptics
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- Sep. 09, 1991 Power Vacuum
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 41
- SOVIET UNION
- A Country of Skeptics
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>In the provinces, Russians greet the upheaval with anxiety and
- wonder if their daily lives will change
- </p>
- <p>By James Carney/Pushkino
- </p>
- <p> When Olga Labus went to work last week at Communist Party
- headquarters in the Russian town of Pushkino, 20 miles from
- Moscow, she found the doors locked. The plaque identifying the
- building had been pried off the wall, and the flag stand next to
- the door was empty. By order of Soviet President Mikhail
- Gorbachev, who a few days before had been the world's top
- communist, Labus and tens of thousands of people like her across
- the Soviet Union were out of a job.
- </p>
- <p> "I am a communist, and I believe we must have a Communist
- Party in our country," said the 31-year-old mother of two, who
- worked in the economic department of the Pushkino party
- committee. "But now I don't know what will happen. Everything is
- changing too quickly." In towns like Pushkino (pop. 90,000), many
- Russians view the tumult sweeping Moscow with more anxiety and
- skepticism than do their big-city compatriots. While they
- welcomed the failure of the hard-line coup and admire Russian
- President Boris Yeltsin for his courage, they wonder if the
- destruction of Soviet communism will bring them anything more
- than uncertainty and hardship. An old man walking down the street
- waved his hand in the air with dismissive contempt. "I don't know
- anything, and I don't care," he said without stopping. "I'm just
- a little person trying to buy some bread."
- </p>
- <p> He was not alone. The drama of the past two weeks has done
- little to alter the daily routine in Pushkino. On the sidewalk in
- front of state stores, residents lined up to choose from the
- usual meager selection of canned goods and wilting vegetables,
- the relentless rain of an early autumn only adding to their
- discomfort. Outside the textile factory where he works, Ivan
- Shlykov, 47, waited for a bus under a shelter latticed with a
- hammer and sickle. "They can throw away all these symbols and
- drive the Communist Party underground," he said, "but what
- difference does it make?"
- </p>
- <p> When Yeltsin became president of Russia last June, he carried
- most of the republic's cities by large majorities, but he did not
- fare so well in rural areas, where resistance to change remains
- strong. In Leshkovo, a village about 35 miles northeast of
- Moscow, the prospect of Yeltsin's wresting control of Russia from
- the shattered central government did not impress Nikolai
- Petrovich, a 67-year-old pensioner, whose refusal to give his
- last name betrayed a fear of contact with foreigners rarely found
- nowadays in urban areas.
- </p>
- <p> A retired factory worker and World War II veteran, Petrovich
- receives 280 rubles (about $150) a month from the state and grows
- his own vegetables on a small private plot adjacent to his
- cottage. His television doesn't work, so he picked up news of the
- coup and its aftermath from friends in the village. "Yeltsin?
- He's no different," said Petrovich, his eyes nervously scanning
- Leshkovo's only road for passersby. "Politicians always make
- promises about how life will be better, but they never fulfill
- them. I've been around a long time, and I've seen things change
- in Moscow again and again, but nothing changes for us. For
- peasants and workers, it just gets worse. Why should it be any
- different now?"
- </p>
- <p> Three cottages down the road, Nadezhda Kuznetsova and her
- daughter Valya had just arrived from the nearby town of Zagorsk
- to visit friends. Kuznetsova, 37, belongs to an evangelical
- church whose following in Russia has been growing since Gorbachev
- did away with state suppression of religion last year. Unless the
- current instability leads to a new crackdown on spiritual
- freedom, she said, she doubted the political upheaval in Moscow
- would affect her life. "Just because all these people are leaving
- the Communist Party doesn't mean we're suddenly living in a
- democratic country," she said. "I'm sure the same people will be
- running things. They just won't call themselves communists
- anymore."
- </p>
- <p> Not all Russians who live outside Moscow are so skeptical. In
- Zagorsk (pop. 90,000), only four miles from Leshkovo, the
- prerevolutionary white, blue and red flag of Russia was flying
- over the town-council building that had once been shared with the
- party committee. Down the street, some vandals had gone a step
- further in trying to erase the symbolism of the past by splashing
- yellow paint across a monument to Vladimir Zagorsky, the
- Bolshevik functionary after whom the town had been renamed.
- </p>
- <p> Modern notions of progress emanating from the big cities of
- Russia have for centuries run into resistance in the provinces,
- and in Russia the provinces begin just beyond city limits. But
- this time the democratic ideas that thwarted a coup and brought
- down the Communist Party came from the bottom up, from the people
- on the streets of Moscow and Leningrad who refused to be cowed
- by tanks. Much of provincial Russia did not wait passively for
- the outcome of the confrontation in Moscow before local
- governments declared their support for Yeltsin and refused to
- obey orders from the hardline coup leaders.
- </p>
- <p> Beyond the urban centers of Russia, the tendency to cling to
- old ways could still derail the process of democratic reform. But
- there are Russians who share with Muscovites an appetite for
- wholesale change and who see in the ruins of the old system the
- chance to build a new, better nation. Just around the corner from
- the closed Communist Party headquarters in Pushkino, the director
- of a local publishing house, Arkadi Petrov, was busy thinking of
- ways to use the office space now vacated by the party: a music
- school for children, a new health clinic or the expansion of
- Petrov's own enterprise. "This was long overdue," said Petrov of
- the party's demise. "Maybe now we can become a normal country."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-